1582 Last day of the Julian calendar in Italy, many Catholic countries
1636 The first code of law is established for the Plymouth Colony
1648 Peter Stuyvesant establishes Americas first volunteer firemen
1777 Battle of Germantown
1824 Mexico becomes a republic
1830 Provisional government declares secession of Belgium from the Netherlands
1862 The Battle of Corinth ends
1864 National black convention meets in Syracuse New York
1864 The New Orleans Tribune, the first black daily newspaper, forms
1883 The Orient Express' makes its first run
1901 The Columbia (US) beats The Shamrock II (England) in 12th America's Cup
1910 Portugal becomes a republic and King Manuel II flees to England
1912 Nicaraguan General Zeledon, opponent of US occupation, is executed
1928 25th World Series begins: the New York Yankees Vs St Louis Cardinals
1931 The comic strip Dick Tracy by Chester Gould makes it debut
1940 Adolph Hitler and Benito Mussolini confer at Brenner Pass in the Alps
1940 Wrestling returns to Madison Sq Garden after a 12 year lay off
1949 American Contract Bridge League votes 58% to keep blacks out
1955 Reverend Sun Young Moon leaves prison in Seoul
1957 The TV series "Leave It to Beaver," debuts on CBS
1957 USSR launches Sputnik I, the first artificial Earth satellite
1958 Transatlantic commercial jet passenger service began
1959 USSR Luna 3 sent back the first photos of Moon's far side
1964 3 cars of a commuter train derail in South Africa killing 81 people
1965 Pope Paul VI becomes first Pope to visit Western Hemisphere
1969 The UN starts issuing postage stamps at Geneva headquarters
1970 Janis Joplin rock singer, dies at 27
1974 John Lennon releases the "Walls and Bridges" album
1976 Agriculture Secretary Earl Butz resigns because of telling a racial joke
1978 Funeral services held for Pope John Paul I
1984 The US government closes down due to budget problems
1985 Henry G Perry completes 157 day, 14,021 mile bicycle tour of Australia
1985 Shite Muslims claim to have killed hostage William Buckley
1988 Pillsbury stock soars from $18.37 to $57.37 a share on a takeover bid
1990 Regional elections are held in what was East Germany
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