Today In History - March 12

1144 Gherardo Caccianemici elected Pope Lucius II, succeeding Callistus I
1350 Orvieto city says it will behead and burn Jewish-Christian couples
1365 University of Vienna founded
1496 Jews are expelled from Syria
1572 Luis Vaz de Camoes publishes "Os Lusiados" in Portugal
1587 English parliament leader Peter Wentworth confined in London Tower
1594 Company of Distant established for business on East-Indies
1597 England routes troops to Amiens
1609 Bermuda becomes an English colony
1619 Dutch settlement on Java changes name to Batavia
1622 Ignatius of Loyola declared a saint
1642 Abel Tasman is 1st European in New Zealand
1664 1st naturalization act in American colonies
1664 New Jersey becomes a British colony
1689 Former English King James II lands in Ireland
1737 Galileo's body moved to Church of Santa Croce in Florence, Italy
1755 1st steam engine in America installed, to pump water from a mine
1773 Jeanne Baptiste Pointe de Sable found settlement now known as Chicago
1789 U.S. Post Office established
1799 Austria declares war on France
1848 2nd republic established in France
1849 1st gold seekers arrive in Nicaragua en route to California
1850 1st U.S. $20 gold piece issued
1857 Giuseppe Verdi's opera "Simon Boccanegra," premieres in Venice
1860 Congress accepts Pre-emption Bill: free land in West for colonists
1865 Affair near Lone Jack, Missouri
1867 Last French troops leave Mexico
1868 Britain annexed Basutoland in Africa
1868 Congress abolishes manufacturer's tax
1868 Great Britain annexes Basutoland in Africa
1877 British annex Walvis Bay in southern Africa
1877 Great Britain annexes Walvis Bay at Cape colony
1884 Mississippi establishes 1st U.S. state college for women
1889 Start of South Africa's 1st Test, vs. England, Port Elizabeth
1894 Pittsburgh issues free season tickets for ladies on Tuesday and Friday
1897 Vincent d'Indy's opera "Fervaal," premieres in Brussel
1900 President Steyn of Orange-Free state flees from Bloemfontein
1904 Andrew Carnegie establishes Carnegie Hero Fund
1906 Heavy storm ravages Dutch west coast
1908 Stanley Cup: Mont Wanderers sweep Win Maple Leafs in 2 games
1912 Capt Albert Berry performs 1st parachute jump from an airplane
1912 Helen Hayes Theater opens at 238 W 44th St. New York City
1913 Foundation stone of the Australian capital in Canberra laid
1916 French airship sinks British submarine D3
1917 Russian Dumas sets up Provisional Committee; workers set up Soviets
1917 Stalin, Kamenev and Muranov arrives in St. Petersburg
1934 Paul Hindemith's "Mathis der Maler," premieres in Berlin
1935 England establishes 30 MPH speed limit for towns and villages
1939 Pope Pius XII crowned in Vatican ceremonies
1940 Finland surrenders to Russia during WW II, gives Karelische Isthmus
1941 German occupiers confiscate AVRO studios in Netherlands
1942 British troops vacate the Andamanen in Gulf of Bengal
1943 Soviet troops liberate Wjasma
1945 30 Amsterdammers executed by nazi occupiers
1945 British Empire celebrates it's 1st British Empire Day
1945 New York is 1st to prohibit discrimination by race and creed in employment
1945 U.S.S.R. returns Transylvania to Romania
1946 Part of Petsamo province ceded by Soviet Union to Finland
1947 Belgian government of Huysmans resigns
1947 President Truman introduces Truman-doctrine to fight communism
1948 -5 degrees F lowest temperature ever recorded in Cleveland in March
1950 Pope Pius XII encyclical "On combating atheistic propaganda"
1951 Communist troops driven out of Seoul
1954 1st performance of Arnold Schonberg's "Moses und Aaron"
1957 German DR accepts 22 Russian divisions
1958 British Empire Day is renamed "Commonwealth Day"
1959 Dutch Liberal Party wins 2nd parliamentary elections
1959 U.S. House joins Senate approving Hawaii statehood
1961 Mickey Wright wins LPGA Miami Golf Open
1962 Dutch Premier De Quay announces secret talks with Indonesia
1963 Beatles perform as a trio, John Lennon is ill with a cold
1963 Bob Dylan cancels "Ed Sullivan Show" television appearance
1964 6th Grammy Awards: Days of Wine and Roses, Striesand wins 2
1964 Jimmy Hoffa sentenced to 8 years
1964 Malcolm X resigns from Nation of Islam
1966 Bobby Hull's 51st goal of season, sets record
1966 Love's 1st album released "Love"
1966 Pioneer Plaza dedicated
1966 U.S. performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1967 Austria's Reinhold Bachler ski jumps 505 feet
1967 Indonesian congress deprives president Sukarno of authority
1968 U.S. performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1969 11th Grammy Awards: Mrs. Robinson, By the Time I Get to Phoenix wins
1969 Paul McCartney marries Linda Louise Eastman in London
1970 U.S. lowers voting age from 21 to 18
1971 Rolling Stone Mick Jagger marries Bianca Perez Morena de Macias
1971 Syrian premier Hafez Assad elected president
1971 Turkish Government of Demirel forced to resign by Army
1972 Judy Rankin wins LPGA Lady Eve Golf Open
1975 Vietcong conquer Ban me Thuot South Vietnam
1976 South African troops leave Angola
1977 Chile president Pinochet bans Christian-Democratic Party
1977 Egypt's Anwar Sadat pledges to regain Arab territory from Israel
1978 Nancy Lopez wins LPGA Sunstar Golf Classic
1980 Jury finds John Wayne Gacy guilty of murdering 33 in Chicago
1980 New York Islanders 3rd scoreless tie, vs Pittsburgh Penguin
1981 Soyuz T-4 carries 2 cosmonauts to Salyut 6 space station
1981 Stephen Sondheim's musical "Marry Me a Little," premieres in New York City
1981 Walter R T Witschey installs world's largest sundial, Richmond, Virginia
1982 1st-class debut of Courtney Walsh, Jamaica vs. Leeward Islands
1982 PLO chief Yassar Arafat appears on "Nightline"
1984 National Union of Mine Workers in England begin a 51 week strike
1985 Larry Bird scores Boston Celtic record 60 points
1989 Madagascar AREMA party wins parliamentary election
1990 Los Angeles Raiders announce they were returning to Oakland
1991 5th Soul Train Music Awards
1993 317 killed by bomb attacks in Bombay
1993 Entertainment Tonight's 3,000th show
1993 Inkhata leader Mangosuthu Buthelezi begins 2 week speech
1994 Church of England ordains 1st 33 women priests
1995 Ice Pairs Champ at Birmingham won by Radka Kovarikova and Rene Novotny
1995 Lara scores 139 in ODI vs. Australia at Port-of-Spain

1479 Giuliano de' Medici
1515 Caspar Othmayr
1685 George Berkeley
1710 Thomas Augustine Arne
1755 Georges Couthon
1768 Carolus Antonius Fodor
1788 Pierre J David
1793 Augustin-Philippe Peellaert
1795 William Lyon MacKenzie
1800 Louis-Prosper Gachard
1806 Jane Means Appleton Pierce
1808 Gerrit van der Linde Jz
1816 David Stuart
1818 John Lorimar Worden
1821 John Abbott
1821 Luitpold von Bayern
1823 William Flank Perry
1824 Gustav R. Kirchoff
1826 Robert Lowry
1827 John Robert Jones
1827 William Richard Terry
1830 William Felix Brantley
1831 Clement Studebaker
1832 Charles Boycott
1835 Simon Newcomb
1837 Felix Alexandre Guilmant
1838 William Perkin
1848 Cyrill Kistler
1855 John White
1859 Josef Cyril Sychra
1860 Salvatore Di Giacomo
1862 Jane Delano
1863 Adolf A Wolfschoon
1863 Gabriele D'Annunzio
1874 Edmund Eysler
1875 Julio Garreta
1877 Wilhelm Frick
1878 Gemma Galgani
1878 Joseph Gustav Mraczek
1880 House Peters
1881 Daniel Webster Hoan
1881 Kemal Ataturk
1881 Vaino A. Tanner
1883 Judge Jackson
1888 Hall Johnson
1889 Philip Guedalla
1890 A Evert Taube
1890 Vaslav Nijinsk
1891 Michael Polany
1896 Jesse "Lone Cat" Fuller
1898 Fredrik J "Frits" Bakker
1900 David Croll
1900 Zoltan Vasarhelyi
1904 Ken James
1907 Margaret Peggy McCrorie Herbison
1908 David Saul Marshall
1908 Inez Courtney
1910 Roger L. Stevens
1910 Tony "Two-Ton" Galento
1910 Wilhelmus L. Reijers
1911 Gustavo Diaz Ordaz
1912 James McKay
1912 Kylie Tennant
1912 Paul Weston
1912 Irving Layton
1913 Harold Butler
1914 Jan Kapr
1915 Alberto Burri
1917 Googie Withers
1917 Tom Normanton
1918 James Bracken
1921 Giovanni Agnelli
1921 Gordon MacRae
1921 Max de Metz
1921 Ralph Shapey
1922 Helen Parrish
1922 Jack Kerouac
1922 Lane Kirkland
1922 Thomas Hugh Eastwood
1923 Hjalmar Andersen
1923 Mstislav Rostropovich
1923 Norbert Brainin
1923 Walter M. Schirra, Jr.
1925 Georges Delerue
1925 Louison Bobet
1926 Rolv Berger Yttrehus
1926 Ronald Alley
1927 Mstislav Rostropovich
1927 Raul Alfonsin
1928 Edward Albee
1928 Phil Jones
1928 Roland Moyle
1929 Bernard Costello
1929 Lupe Anguiano
1930 Antony Acland
1930 Robin Cavendish
1930 Scoey Mitchill
1930 Stanko Horvat
1931 Geoffrey de Bellaigue
1931 William "Buckwheat" Thomas
1932 Andrew Young
1934 Rudolph Agner
1935 Helga Pilarczyk
1935 John Gross
1936 Anthony Loehnis
1936 Keith Slater
1938 Norman Hogg
1938 Tona Scherchen-Hsiao
1938 Vijay Mehra
1939 Barbara Feldon
1939 David Mlinaric
1940 Al Jarreau
1940 Albert Johanneson
1942 Bert Campaneris
1942 Brian O'Hara
1942 Paul Kantner
1942 Salvatore "the Bull" Gravano
1945 Hans van Emden
1946 Liza Minnelli
1947 Jill O'Hara
1947 Mitt Romney
1948 Dana Walden
1948 James Taylor
1948 Kent Conrad
1948 Les Holroyd
1948 Virginia Bottomley
1950 Jon Provost
1950 Willie Duggan
1951 Caren Kaye
1951 Jack Green
1953 Labamba
1956 Dale Murphy
1957 Jerry Levine
1957 Marlon D. Jackson
1957 Steve Harris
1958 Debra Jensen
1960 Courtney B. Vance
1960 Eldine Baptiste
1962 Darryl Strawberry
1962 Gunde Svan
1963 Candy Costie
1963 Joaquim Carvalho Cruz
1963 John Andretti
1963 Julia Campbell
1963 Paul Way
1964 Tony Terry
1965 Fran Harris
1965 Molly Van Nostrand
1965 Randy Dixon
1965 Steve Finley
1966 Alecia Stephenson
1966 Erich Fischer
1966 Grant Long
1967 Irvin Smith
1967 Rowelle Blenman
1968 Merton Hanks
1969 Graham Coxon
1969 J. P. Izquierdo
1969 Karen Snelgrove
1969 Muhammad Oliver
1970 Michael Bankston
1970 Rex Walters
1970 Rod Smith
1971 Greg Hansell
1971 Isaiah Rider
1971 Raul Mondesi
1972 Alisa Castillo
1973 Antonio Banks
1973 Gabriel Mendez
1973 Keif Bryant
1973 Louis Laros