Today In History - April 13

1055 Bishop Gebhard van Eichstatt named Pope Victor II
1111 Pope Paschalis II crowns Roman catholics-German king Hendrik II
1180 Republic day of Gelnhausen
1204 Crusaders occupy Constantinople
1241 Battle at Theiss: Mongols beat Hungarian King Bela IV
1346 Pope Clemens VI declares German emperor Louis of Bavaria, envoy
1367 Battle at Najera Spain: Castilie and England beat Aragon and France
1517 Osmaanse army occupies Cairo
1556 Portuguese Marranos who revert back to Judaism burned by order of Pope
1598 Edict of Nantes grants political rights to French Huguenots
1640 English Short Parliament forms
1741 Dutch people protest bad quality of bread
1741 Royal Military Academy forms at Woolwich
1759 French beat European Allies in Battle of Bergen
1796 1st elephant arrives in U.S. from India
1796 Battle at Millesimo Italy: Napoleon beats Austrians
1829 English Emancipation Act grants freedom of religion to Catholics
1834 HMS Beagle anchors at river mouth of Rio Santa Cruz, Patagonia
1849 Hungarian Republic proclaimed
1860 1st Pony Express reaches Sacramento, California
1861 After 34 hours of bombardment, Ft. Sumter surrenders to Confederates
1863 Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled in New York is 1st orthopedic hospital
1865 Battle of Raleigh, North Carolina
1865 Sherman's march through Georgia begins
1870 Metropolitan Museum of Art forms in New York City
1882 Anti-Semitic League forms in Prussia
1883 Alfred Packer convicted of cannibalism
1895 Start of Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of Solitary Cyclist"
1902 J C Penney opens his 1st store in Kemmerer, Wyoming
1904 Battle at Oviumbo Africa: Herero's chase away German army
1904 Congress authorizes Lewis and Clark Expo $1 gold coin
1906 Mutiny on Portuguese battleships Dom Carlos and Vasco da Gama
1911 Polo Grounds grandstand and left field bleachers go up in flames
1914 1st Federal League Game: Balt Terrapins beat Buffalo 3-2
1918 Electrical fire kills 38 mental patients at Oklahoma State Hospital
1919 Amritsar Massacre-British Army fires on nationalist rioters in India
1920 1st woman U.S. Civil Service Commissioner, Helen Hamilton appointed
1923 Army wins 1st college three-weapon fencing championships
1924 Greek plebiscite for a republic
1926 At 41, Walter Johnson pitches his 7th opening day shutout
1926 Bicyclists without bicycle-tax-stamp rounded up in Amsterdam
1927 Stanley Cup: Ottawa Senators beat Boston Bruins, in 2 games and 2 ties
1932 Kozakken Boys soccer team forms in Werkendam forms
1933 1st flight over Mount Everest by Lord Clydesdale
1933 Stanley Cup: New York Rangers beat Toronto Maple Leafs, 3 games to 1
1934 4.7 million U.S. families report receiving welfare payments
1934 U.S. Congress passes Johnson Debt Default Act
1936 Metaxas proclaims himself dictator of Greece
1938 Clifford Goldsmith' "What a Life," premieres in New York City
1940 2nd battle of Narvik-8 German destroyers, destroyed
1940 Cornelious Warmerdam became 1st man to pole vault 15 ft
1940 Stanley Cup: New York Rangers beat Toronto Maple Leafs, 4 games to 2
1943 Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicates Jefferson Memorial
1943 Nazi's discover mass grave of Polish officers near Katyn
1944 South Carolina rejects black suffrage
1944 Stanley Cup: Montreal Canadiens sweep Chicago Blackhawks in 4 games
1944 Transport nr 71 departs with French Jews to nazi-Germany
1945 Canadian army liberates Teuge and Assen Netherlands from Nazis
1945 U.S. Marines conquer Minna Shima off Okinawa
1946 Belgian premier Acker proclaims wage and price freeze over
1948 75 scientists ambushed on way to Mount Scopus
1949 3rd NBA Championship: Minnesota Lakers beat Washington Capitols, 4 games to 2
1953 1st game of Milwaukee Braves, they beat Cin Reds 2-0
1954 Baltimore Orioles 1st game, loses to Tigers in Detroit 3-0
1954 Milwaukee Braves' Hank Aaron's 1st game
1954 Robert Oppenheimer accused of being a communist
1957 "Shinbone Alley" opens at Broadway Theater New York City for 49 performances
1957 11th NBA Championship: Bost Celtics beat St. Louis Hawks, 4 games to 3
1957 11th Tony Awards: Long Days Journey into the Night and My Fair Lady win
1957 Due to lack of funds, Saturday mail delivery in U.S. is temp halted
1958 12th Tony Awards: Sunrise at Campobello and Music Man win
1959 USAF launches Discoverer II into polar orbit
1959 Vatican edict forbids Roman Catholics for voting for communists
1960 France becomes 4th nuclear nation exploding an A-Bomb in Sahara
1960 Transit 1B, 1st navigational satellite, placed in Earth orbit
1961 "Carnival!" opens at Imperial Theater New York City for 719 performances
1961 U.N. General Assembly condemns South-Africa's apartheid
1962 Stan Musial scores his 1,869th run, a new NL record
1962 U.S. steel industry forced to give up price increases
1963 Pete Rose triples for his 1st major league base hit
1963 Pirate's Bob Friend balks 4 times in a game
1964 36th Academy Awards - "Tom Jones," Sidney Poitier and Patricia Neal win
1964 Ian D. Smith becomes premier of Rhodesia
1964 New Zealand Colin Bosher shears a record 565 sheep in 1 work day
1965 Beatles record "Help"
1965 1st U.S. Senate black page, Lawrence W. Bradford Jr, 16, appointed by New York Sen Jacob Javits
1966 Pan Am places $525,000,000 order for 25 Boeing 747s
1969 33rd Golf Masters Championship: George Archer wins, shooting a 281
1970 34th Golf Masters Championship: Billy Casper wins, shooting a 279
1970 Greek composer Mikis Theordorakis freed
1972 1st baseball players' strike ends after 13 days
1975 39th Golf Masters Championship: Jack Nicklaus wins, shooting a 276
1975 Chad military coup by General Odingar
1975 Christian Falange kills 27 Palestinians, begins Lebanese civil war
1975 Penguins 5-Isles 4-Quarterfinals-Penguins hold 1-0 lead
1976 1st NBA playoff game for Cleveland Cavliers, they lose 100-95 to Wash
1976 Federal Reserve begins issuing $2 bicentennial notes
1978 Jackson slugs a 3-run HR in the 1st inning, and the field is showered
1978 New York Yanks defeat White Sox 4-2 in home opener on Reggie Candy Bar Day
1979 Christian Turks occupy St. Jansbasiliek
1979 Longest doubles ping-pong match ends after 101 hours
1979 Yusuf Lule becomes premier of Uganda
1980 "Grease" closes at Broadhurst Theater New York City after 3,388 performances
1980 "Reggae" closes at Biltmore Theater New York City after 21 performances
1980 44th Golf Masters Championship: Seve Ballesteros wins, shooting a 275
1980 Amy Alcott wins LPGA American Defender/WRAL Golf Classic
1980 Emmy News and Documentaries Award presentation
1980 U.S. boycotts Summer Olympics in Moscow
1981 Pulitzer prize awarded to Beth Henley for "Crimes of the Heart"
1983 Harold Washington elected 1st black mayor of Chicago
1983 U.S. performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1983 Undefeated middleweight boxer Tony Ayala gets 35 years on sex assault
1984 India beat Pak by 58 runs to win 1st Asia Cricket Cup in Sharjah
1984 Pete Rose becomes 1st NL to get get 4,000 hits in a career
1985 "TASS" denounced U.S. boycott of Moscow Olympics
1985 Atlantis ferried to Kennedy Space Center via Ellington AFB, Texas
1985 Caps 1-Isles 2-Patrick Div Semifinals- Caps hold 2-1 lead
1985 Ramiz Alia succeeds Enver Hoxha as party leader of Albania
1986 50th Golf Masters Championship: Jack Nicklaus wins, shooting a 279
1986 Boston Celtics end season with a 40-1 home win record
1986 Patty Sheehan wins LPGA Kyocera Inamori Golf Classic
1986 Pope John Paul II met Rome's Chief Rabbi Elio Toaff at Rome synagogue
1986 Spanish Grand Prix decided by 0.014 of a second
1987 1st 3 San Diego Padres hit home runs off San Francisco starter Roger Mason
1988 Italy government of De Mita forms
1989 "Welcome to the Club" opens at Music Box Theater New York City for 12 performances
1990 Final episode of Pat Sajak's late night TV show on CBS
1990 New York Rangers beat New York Islanders 6-5, Rangers win preliminary, 4-1
1991 BPAA U.S. Open by Pete Weber
1992 "2 Trains Running" opens at Walter Kerr Theater New York City for 160 performances
1992 5.5 earthquake hits Netherlands
1992 American Airlines reduce its 1st-class fares 20%-50%
1992 Crystal Pepsi begins test marketing in Providence, Denver and Dallas
1992 Great Chicago Flood - Chicago's underground tunnels flood
1992 Lou Conaseca retires as coach of St. John's basketball team
1992 Nelson Mandela announces he will seek divorce from Winnie
1993 "3 Men on a Horse" opens at Lyceum Theater New York City for 40 performances
1993 14th Emmy Sports Award presentation
1993 Tom Stoppard's "Arcadia," premieres in London
1994 President guard at Kigali Rwanda, chops 1,200 church members to death
1994 United Arab Emirates' 1st official ODI, losing to India
1995 Yankees beat the Mets 2-0

Today In History - April 13

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